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Osteopontin

MRC Group in Periodontal Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Room 239 Fitzgerald Building, Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E2, jaro.sodek{at}utoronto.ca

B. Ganss

MRC Group in Periodontal Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Room 239 Fitzgerald Building

M.D. McKee

MRC Group in Periodontal Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Room 239 Fitzgerald Building, Faculty of Dentistry and the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada

Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly phosphorylated sialoprotein that is a prominent component of the mineralized extracellular matrices of bones and teeth. OPN is characterized by the presence of a polyaspartic acid sequence and sites of Ser/Thr phosphorylation that mediate hydroxyapatite binding, and a highly conserved RGD motif that mediates cell attachment/signaling. Expression of OPN in a variety of tissues indicates a multiplicity of functions that involve one or more of these conserved motifs. While the lack of a clear phenotype in OPN "knockout" mice has not established a definitive role for OPN in any tissue, recent studies have provided some novel and intriguing insights into the versatility of this enigmatic protein in diverse biological events, including developmental processes, wound healing, immunological responses, tumorigenesis, bone resorption, and calcification. The ability of OPN to stimulate cell activity through multiple receptors linked to several interactive signaling pathways can account for much of the functional diversity. In this review, we discuss the structural features of OPN I hat relate to its function in the formation, remodeling, and maintenance of bones and teeth.

Key Words: Sialoprotein cell signaling • cell attachment • bone remodeling • tooth.

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, Vol. 11, No. 3, 279-303 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/10454411000110030101


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