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Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine
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14(2):78-88 (2003)     Crit Rev Oral Biol Med
© 2003 International and American Associations for Dental Research

TGF-β SIGNALING AND ITS FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN REGULATING THE FATE OF CRANIAL NEURAL CREST CELLS

Y. Chai*, Y. Ito and J. Han

Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033;

Correspondence: *corresponding author, ychai{at}usc.edu

Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and control the development and maintenance of most tissues. TGF-β signal is transmitted through the phosphorylation of Smad proteins by TGF-β receptor serine/threonine kinase. During craniofacial development, TGF-β may regulate the fate specification of cranial neural crest cells. These cells are multipotent progenitors and capable of producing diverse cell types upon differentiation. Here we summarize evidence that TGF-β ligands and their signaling intermediates have significant roles in patterning and specification of cranial neural crest cells. The biological function of TGF-β is carried out through the regulation of transcriptional factors during embryogenesis.

Key Words: Cranial neural crest (CNC) cells • Msx • Smads • TGF-β • TGF-β receptors • tooth

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 2, 78-88 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154411130301400202
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