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Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine
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CEMENTUM AND PERIODONTAL WOUND HEALING AND REGENERATION

Wojciech J. Grzesik1 and A.S. Narayanan2,*

1 Dental Research Center, CB#7455, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7455; and
2 Department of Pathology, Box 357470, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7470;


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Stages in the differentiation of a stem cell. Embryonic stem cells are nearly totipotent, whereas a stem cell in an adult tissue may be pluripotent (for example, hematopoietic stem cell) or unipotent (epithelial cell, for example). An adult tissue may contain the stem cells and precursor cells separated from full differentiation by one or several steps. The periodontal ligament has been shown to contain precursor cells or progenitors to cementoblasts (Pitaru et al., 1994). The differentiated cell may also consist of subpopulations of the same cell type (McCulloch and Bordin, 1991; Fries et al., 1994).

 

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  		Figure 2. Hypothetical model for maturation into fully differentiated cell. Under healthy conditions, pre-existing healthy matrix recruits precursor cells that are close to final differentiation and permits their differentiation to occur. During inflammation and wound repair, undifferentiated "stem" cells, presumably separated by several stages from full differentiation, interact with growth factors (GF) and available matrix, differentiate to the next stage, and produce matrix. This cell interacts with the matrix, which contains the ECM produced by the previous stage cell, and differentiates to the next stage. This process continues until the cell becomes fully differentiated.

 

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  		Figure 3. Cell activities required for new cementum and attachment formation and cementum components that possibly regulate these processes. The list of molecules is not complete, and only some examples are given.

 

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, Vol. 13, No. 6, 474-484 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/154411130201300605
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