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Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine
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GENES AND GENE POLYMORPHISMS ASSOCIATED WITH PERIODONTAL DISEASE

D.F. Kinane*

University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;

T.C. Hart

Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. The classic relationship among phenotype, environment, and genotype. For the periodontal disease phenotype, environmental risk factors include: smoking status, plaque control, socio-economic status, diabetes, etc. G x E is the interaction between environment and genotype. * includes gene-gene interactions.

 

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  		Figure 2. Steps in determining a link between a polymorphism and a disease. (1) Does Polymorphism D influence Gene C functionally? (2) Does Gene C uniquely result in Defect B? (3) Does Defect B have mechanistic plausibility for Disease A?

 

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 6, 430-449 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154411130301400605
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